Combat takes place when enemy units collide along a path or in a settlement.
The battle itself occurs exactly 1 hour after two enemy units first contact each other. Any units that move into the same location will join the existing battle. Units cannot leave a combat once they have joined, but heroes can activate their special powers.
When the battle begins, the total Might of each side is calculated and compared.
Might = Population x Strength
The side with the largest Might automatically wins the combat and all of the losing side's units are completely destroyed.
The winning army suffers casualties based on how much larger it was than the losing army. The larger your army, the less casualties you will suffer in combat.
If the losers strength squared was 25% the size of the winners strength squared, then each individual in the winning army has a 25% chance of being destroyed.
Ranged Attacks work very similarly to melee combat.
The Might of the ranged attack is compared to the Might of the defending stack. If the Might of the attack is greater than the defender's Might, the defender will be destroyed. If the Might of the attack is less than the defender's Might, then each individual in the defender will have a chance of being killed, based on the ratio of the attack Might to the defender Might.
Chance of death = Attack Might / Defender Might
If the Might of the ranged attack was 25% of the target's Might, each individual in the target has a 25% chance of being killed.
Unlike melee combat, the relative strengths of the forces are not squared when calculating saving throws, and the ranged attacker cannot be harmed. Only the defender must make saving throws or be destroyed.